' In 2012, Joseph was featured in an internet-use awareness video titled "What's Your Story?" Emily is a freelance writer based in Colorado. if(start2 > today) { You . Obviously, it wouldnt be a shock to find out that Tyler played basketball from a young age as a point guard. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. While Jenna appears to appreciate a healthy dose of privacy from the fame that comes with celebrity partnerships, the few details that are known about her make it clear that Tyler Joseph is one lucky man even outside of his career. Blurryface includes some of their most noteworthy hits, including Ride and Stressed Out. Its release and subsequent explosion of popularity coincided with singer Tyler Josephs wedding to his current wife, 25-year-old Jenna Black. This song is alternatively titled "PRAY". Brian Gallagher For Dailymail.com. In this part we write him biography. Choosing an extra special way to share the news with fans, the Twenty One Pilots frontman, 30 . You can find out more and change our default settings with Cookies Settings. First pickup line, my voice cracked., Tyler and Jennas wedding was described as an elegant barn wedding, according to a post on TheKnot.com. Tyler Joseph is in a relationship with Jenna Black. She appreciates the passion that her husband shows for his work, and it shows. [76], In 2014, within regards to religion, Joseph said: .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, I still believe in God, I still want to call myself a Christianbecause I am a Christian. [28] The band's fans crashed their website attempting to pre-order the album. He owns a strong and attractive physique with impressive body measurements and a normal body type. ", "Twenty One Pilots break yearlong silence with new songs, world tour", "Twenty One Pilots Release TWO New Singles 'Jumpsuit' and 'Nico and the Niners', "Jumpsuit / Nico and the Niners - Single by twenty one pilots", "twenty one pilots Have Just Announced A new Album And Massive World Tour! They started seeing each other January 1, 2012. Is Tyler Joseph single or dating? loop_range = seconds['hour']; Its been fun getting to know each other even better while traveling the world. [41] The leak was confirmed real when the band made the song available on streaming services later that day as the album's fourth single. She was the sister-in-law of a guy I went to school with. [31] At the 59th Annual Grammy Awards, the duo won the award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance.[32][33][34]. Chance The Rapper 'Holy', Beyonc, Shatta Wale, Major Lazer 'ALREADY', Art Direction by Susan Linns, Gerard Santos, Art Direction by: Tom Foden, Peter Andrus, Lil Nas X - 'MONTERO (Call Me by Your Name), Art Direction by: Alec Contestabile - WINNER, Art Direction by: Ethan Tobman, Regina Fernandez, Visual Effects by Andrew Donoho, Denhov Visuals, Denis Strahhov, Rein Jakobson, Vahur Kuusk, Tatjana Pavlik, Yekaterina Vetrova, Visual Effects by La Pac, Anthony Lestremau, Julien Missaire, Petr Shkolniy, Alexi Bailla, Micha Sher, Antoine Hache, Mikros MPC, Nicolas Huget, Guillaume Ho Tsong Fang, Benjamin Lenfant, Stephane Pivron, MPC Bangalore, Chanakya Chander, Raju Ganesh, David Rouxel, Visual Effects by Dave Meyers, Freenjoy Inc, Choreography by Brian Nicholson & Scott Nicholson, Choreography by SON SUNG DEUK With BHM PERFORMANCE DIRECTING TEAM, Harry Styles 'Treat People With Kindness' - WINNER, Claire Rosinkranz Backyard Boy - WINNER, By posting your comment you agree to the house rules, The comments below have not been moderated, By Your email address will not be published. diff = start2 - today; On March 28, 2015, he married Jenna Black, a long-time girlfriend who was also his best friend. The location of his birth is Columbus, Ohio. today = new Date(today.getTime() - loop_time * loop_range); start2.setFullYear(today.getFullYear()); Some of his personal life informations have been portrayed here to thirst your quest. Tyler proposed to Jenna in Paris after two years of dating. On March 23, 2014, Joseph's younger sister Maddy posted to social media an image of a, U.S. state and local government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, List of awards and nominations received by Twenty One Pilots, List of songs recorded by Twenty One Pilots, "Album review: Twenty One Pilots A change in sound, but for the better", "Twenty One Pilots projected to top Billboard charts", "Twenty One Pilots comes home to two full houses", "Atlantic Subpoenas Reddit To Identify Twenty One Pilots Leaker", "Twenty One Pilots - Music, biography, Credits and Discography: AllMusic", "Twenty One Pilots Changed Rock History in a Major Way in 2016", "Today's celebrity birthdays: Woody Allen, Zoe Kravitz (December 1, 2016)", "With debut album set for release, Columbus duo Twenty One Pilots poised to break out", Tony Joseph and Catherine Joseph (nee Charlie), "Alternative Press: Shooting Hoops with Twenty One Pilots", "FaceCulture: Twenty One Pilots Interview Tyler (part 1)", "Worthington Christian High School: The Light 2011 Newsletter", "Tyler Joseph and Nick Thomas National Anthem senior night", "More Twenty One Pilots at The Ohio Center for Broadcasting", "MessiahPulse Interview: Twenty One Pilots", "Twenty One Pilots Singer Tyler Joseph Discusses How His Hard Work In Basketball Paid Off In A Successful Music Career", "Twenty One Pilots Music, biography, Credits and Discography: AllMusic", "Twenty One Pilots talk music, 'Quiet Is Violent' tour and keeping fans entertained", "Twenty One Pilots Just Dropped A New Track, Announced An Album And Four UK Dates. I love to cover celebrity news around the world. , updated In this writing, we have added the Huey Lewis's age, height,. var delimiter = ' '; Tyler Robert Joseph is a brilliant American singer, musician, rapper, songwriter, and record producer best known as the main singer of the Grammy Award-winning musical group Twenty One Pilots.He gained fame for the 2008 release of his solo album No Phun Intended. However, people of Dog, Rabbit, and Dragon signs should be avoided when choosing a partner. !0; Jenna is the sister-in-law of that friend and was introduced to some kind of party. In the year 2009, he formed the musical duo named Twenty One Pilots along with musicians Nick Thomas and Chris Salih. This song is alternatively titled "Tonight (A Death Will Occur)". Georgia Slater is a writer/reporter on the Parents team at PEOPLE. }); He also played on the same team with Nick Thomas, the Twenty One Pilots bassist. They go together like peanut butter and jelly or Green Day and. If you want to know more about Tyler Robert Joseph, we have some good news for you. jQuery(function() { Friends, he just LOVES it! What is Tyler Josephs Life Path number? While the two share an interesting and glamorous life touring together with no shortage of media attention, the story of how they met is surprisingly underwhelming. } else { Dun is in wedding planning mode after he proposed to his long-time girlfriend, actress Debby Ryan in late 2018 and Tyler Joseph announced on stage a few months ago that he was expecting his first child with his wife, Jenna. Twenty One Pilots singer Tyler Joseph used his hit band's performance at the 2021 MTV Video Music Awards to reveal he's expecting his second child. He was also raised in Columbus, Ohio with his two brothers and a sister. Tyler Joseph Announces Wife Jenna Is Pregnant While Performing at 2021 MTV VMAs, Tom Daley and Dustin Lance Black Welcome Second Baby, Son Phoenix Rose, Richard Gere's 3 Children: Everything to Know, Romeo Miller and Fiance Drew Sangster Welcome Second Baby, Daughter Winter: 'Heart Is So Full'. [82][83] Joseph's is located on his right bicep and Dun's is located on his neck behind his right ear. Tyler married Jenna Black on March 28, 2015, having become engaged on July 8, 2014, during a trip to Paris. In July, the band released the first two singles from the upcoming album, titled Jumpsuit and Nico and the Niners. Later, Levitate was leaked on Jay-Zs streaming service, Tidal. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. After 8 months of engagement they married on 28th Mar 2015. Joseph Family Vacation. Unlike every other song on Blurryface, Tear In My Heart does not reference the title character (Blurryface), who represents fear and negativity. It gives fans a feel for her ability to be relatable and down-to-earth despite her natural beauty and enviable relationship. This song was uncovered in 2018 alongside "Going Down". On April 9, 2020, the band released a new single "Level of Concern". } A post shared by |i| i+! Her dedication and positivity have won many of his fans over. Twenty One Pilots' singer Tyler Joseph was born on December 1, 1988, to father Chris Joseph mother and Kelly Joseph in Columbus, Ohio, United States of American. var display = ['day']; today = new Date(today.getTime() + loop_time * loop_range); Sometimes titled "Taco Bell Saga", this song has become an Internet meme in the Twenty One Pilots fan community due to its comical nature. Pick up line #911: Is it hot in here or is it just you? Twenty One Pilots Release "Blurryface" Early! watching him create has fueled me. [30] Joseph and drummer Josh Dun embarked on two international tours in 2015 and 2016: the Blurryface Tour and Emotional Roadshow World Tour. They released their first album in 2009, their second one (consisted of Joseph and drummer Josh Dun only) in 2011 and their third one in 2013. Here you will get Varinder Brar's height, weight, net worth, girlfriend, educational qualification and complete bio. while(start2 > new Date(today.getTime() + loop_time * loop_range)) { Some fans speculate that the missing song "Chords/Words" is in fact "Hear Me Now", due to the lyrics "words of mine, words of yours" and due to the similar track lengths. Continue with Recommended Cookies. They will also head to Chicago (October 12-16), Boston (October 18-23), Austin, Texas (October 22), Columbus, Ohio (October 27-30), and Atlanta (November 2-6). We also know this fact. [ (@tylerrjoseph) on Jul 13, 2015 at 9:46am PDT. While Jenna joins the duo on tour frequently, she and Tyler also now own a home in Columbus. When Tyler began performing, he recalls his mother standing outside of Ohio State University and handing out tickets to her sons shows. People and his relatives often call him Tyler Joseph. He has been quite open about his religion by openly admitting that he is a Christian. on YouTube", "Twenty One Pilots: House of Gold (Original Music Video)", "Tyler Joseph performs "O come, O come, Emmanuel" at Five14 Church, OH on Christmas Eve", "Magic with David McCreary and Tyler Joseph", "Tyler working out his part for new song 'INSTANT', "Panic! Whatever you may call them, Tyler and Josh, TyJo, Joshler, this duo have a strong friendship and bromance that prove love is real. var expire = ! His parents were Kelly Joseph (ne Stryker) and Christopher Anthony Chris Joseph (father). !0; [51][52][53][54], Tyler Joseph had a solo project before starting Twenty One Pilots where he released a full-length album titled No Phun Intended. View this post on Instagram The Twenty One Pilots frontman and wife Jenna welcomed their second baby together, a daughter, on Friday, April 8, Joseph announced over the. Dating fact: On average, daters will kiss on a second date. if(loop_range == 'h') { [50], The duo's sixth studio album, Scaled and Icy, was released on May 21, 2021. For their baby reveal, Jenna wore a patterned dress that showed off her bump. Joseph was homeschooled in his childhood. Published on September 8, 2019 03:45 PM. According to Genius, the song centers around the importance of Josephs relationship with Jenna. Is Tyler Joseph Gay? Loren Gray is a renowned American Singer, YouTuber. Tyler Joseph Children. The Twenty One Pilots frontman and wife Jenna welcomed their second baby together, a daughter, on Friday, April 8, Joseph announced over the weekend. While his collaborator Josh Dun hit the red carpet with his wife, Debby Ryan, who he's been married to since 2019, Joseph seemingly skipped the red carpet. Real Name/Full Name var abs_diff = Math.abs(diff); [27], On March 17, 2015, the band announced their fourth album's title, Blurryface, and unveiled its track listing and release date. Tyler donated a part of the songs proceeds to Crew Nation, a charity for music crews that couldnt be paid because of the quarantine. [87], Joseph married Jenna Black on March 28, 2015, after they became engaged on July 8, 2014. In 2007, he started uploading comedic skits on YouTube called slushieguys and the channel currently has over 128,000 subscribers although he hasnt uploaded anything since 2013. Tyler Joseph is a married man, according to his personal life. You have entered an incorrect email address! We have added the Loren Gray's net worth, biography, age, height, weight, etc what you need. if(!large) { Tylers music career has been so rewarding for him. "New baby arrived yesterday. text = ' '; Tyler Joseph is an American singer and songwriter who is best known as the lead singer and pianist for the musical group called Twenty One Pilots. Lets take a look at Tyler Josephs current relationship below. Not all details about Tylers past relationships, partners, and breakups are known. Tyler wrote, First I want to thank my wife, Jenna, for balancing us out in every way. Tyler married Jenna Black on March 28, 2015, having become engaged on July 8, 2014, during a trip to Paris. Tyler told the magazine, How we met isnt a great story or anything. Talking of how the couple met, during a Rolling Stone interview, Tyler said that it was an average scenario in that Ms. Black is a sister-in-law of a guy Tyler attended high school with, and that is how they met. var show_zero = ! 2 See the Photo! Adam Housley Lead vocalist and multi-instrumentalist for the musical duo Twenty One Pilots who were signed by Fueled By Ramen in 2012. Following the release of the Jumpsuit video in July, Jenna thoughtfully posted on Instagram about her husbands hard work and dedication to the album. Theyre lucky to have ya, she recently captioned a series of tour photos. . He added, For some reason, I couldnt get enough of that. } Tyler Josephwas born in Columbus, OH on December 1, 1988. 2023byTango Publishing Corporation All Rights Reserved. It is common that, salary and asset change over time. loop_range = seconds['day']; He founded the band in 2009 along with college friends Nick Thomas and Chris Salih who would later leave because of busy schedules. } He plays alongside drummer Josh Dun in the group. Brian Gallagher For Dailymail.com He married Jenna Joseph on the 28th of March 2015 in a private wedding ceremony and is yet . Please consult your doctor before taking any action. People and his relatives often call him Tyler Joseph. [35][36][37][38][39] A 10-second snippet of the song "My Blood" was played at the end of a commercial for Trench during the 2018 VMAs on August 20. Josh Dun then came in to replace them. Well, you guys deserve to see where you have taken me and I like sharing with you who I am. I'm Jen, Tyler's ex girlfriend. They were dating for 2 years after getting together in 2012. ", "Twenty One Pilots Drop Their Pants To Accept Grammy Award (For a Legitimate Reason)", "Grammys 2017: The complete list of winners", "Twenty One Pilots Have Announced Their New Album, 'Trench'! Kerrang! Rosie Robert Joseph was born February 9th. [77], Joseph is a supporter of the Black Lives Matter movement. This project was recorded during Joseph's brief time in college alongside classmate Joseph Michael Langston. See additional information. Tyler has two brothers and one sister. if(diff < 0) { 's' : ''); 08:45 BST 13 Sep 2021. How many people has Tyler Joseph dated? "tyler+jenna+rosie+baby sister coming in april," she captioned a series of maternity photos. start2.setFullYear(today.getFullYear() + 1); I cannot tell you how many meetings we were late to because hes in his studio completely lost in the music.. Ask me in person about all the deets from visiting Iceland because you know I have them., In a January 2016 interview with Rolling Stone, Tyler was asked about Jenna going on tour with the band for the first time. Silly me! [25][26] They also embarked on a tour in support of the album, in which they named the "Quiet Is Violent World Tour". Ive felt overwhelmed for him even though I knew hed finish big. Shes a shining star in her own family, posting slews of images of her parents, brother, nieces and nephews. if(!text) { He is an American by nationality and has his belief in the Christian religion. In addition to her crush on Joseph before he married her, she had one for a few months prior to their wedding. Tyler Joseph was born on December 1, 1988, in Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Who is Tyler Joseph's Girlfriend? [9] Future Twenty One Pilots bassist Nick Thomas also played on the same team with Joseph, the pair having performed "The Star-Spangled Banner" together at one of their games.[16][17]. Neethusha Cherckal is a renowned Indian Singer, songwriter. He is 34 years old and his 35th birthday is in This age group (1981 - 1996) is dedicating more time to careers, social lives, and personal time with themselves. I didnt want to text everybody, so I thought Id let you all know right now. The Genius interpretation says that the song insinuates that Jenna protects Tyler from Blurryface, Josephs evil alter-ego. Many musicians have taken it upon themselves to embrace their love for music and spread it all over the world. The video was produced and directed by Mark C. Eshleman, a regular collaborator for Twenty One Pilots, for Trend Micro's annual Where Are You Contest. Jenna and Tyler pictured in November 2016. He has been nominated for six Grammy Awards as a member of Twenty One Pilots, of which he has won one. !loop_range) { Muhammad Ali Age, Net Worth, Girlfriend, Family & Biography, JianHao Tan Age, Net Worth, Wife, Family & Biography, Tanya Reynolds Age, Net Worth, Boyfriend, Family and Biography (Updated 2023), Jennifer Love Hewitt Age, Net Worth, Husband, Family and Biography (Updated 2023), Jacob Fortune-Lloyd Age, Net Worth, Girlfriend, Family and Biography (Updated 2023), Kirsten Dunst Age, Net Worth, Husband, Family and Biography (Updated 2023), Singer, Songwriter, Rapper, Musician and Record Producer, Lebanese, English, German and Dutch Descent, Worthington Christian High School in Worthington, Ohio, United States, Otterbein University in Westerville, Ohio, the United States. [78] He is also an ally of the LGBT+ community. Twenty One Pilots was formed in 2009 in Ohio. In Centimetres Adam Housley Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details, James Roday Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details, Taraji P. Henson Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details, Donald Cerrone Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details, Stefanie Powers Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details, Big Al Mack Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Weight, Biography, Wiki and Career Details. Tyler Joseph with his Daughter } [67], On December 24, 2013, Christmas Eve, Joseph participated and sang "O Come, O Come, Emmanuel" at Five14 Church's Christmas With the Stars in New Albany, Ohio. [23][24][9], On December 29, 2009, they released their debut, self-titled album and began touring Ohio, followed by their second album, Regional at Best in 2011, which consisted only of Joseph and newly-recruited drummer Josh Dun. 07:03 BST 13 Sep 2021 . ", "twenty one pilots soar on soulful new song 'My Blood', "twenty one pilots - Level of Concern (Official Video)", "song and video tomorrow :pic.twitter.com/3uQLfqFTqJ", "Hear Twenty One Pilots' Surprise Holiday Song "Christmas Saves the Year", "Twenty One Pilots release holiday single, 'Christmas Saves The Year' | NME", "Hear twenty one pilots' surprise holiday song "Christmas Saves The Year", "Tyler Joseph Interview with Zane Lowe - CSTY (12.9.20) - YouTube", "Twenty One Pilots to debut new single 'Choker' at special fan event", "twenty one pilots get their dancing shoes on for new single Saturday", "Review: twenty | one | pilots Regional at Best (2011)", "The (moderately inspiring tale of the) Longboard Rodeo Tango Episode 1", "The (moderately inspiring tale of the) Longboard Rodeo Tango Episode 2", "The (moderately inspiring tale of the) Longboard Rodeo Tango Episode 3", "What's Your Story" "Where are you?" [ (@tylerrjoseph) on Dec 28, 2019 at 4:41pm PST. They announced their Takeover Tour back in June, which kicks off September 21 in Denver, with the group spending a week in each city of the tour, performing in both bigger arenas and smaller, more intimate venues. [22], Twenty One Pilots was formed in 2009 in Columbus, Ohio and consisted of frontman Tyler Joseph, bassist Nick Thomas, and drummer Chris Salih; the latter two left the band in 2011. [85], In mid-January 2015, Tyler Joseph served at former bandmate Chris Salih's wedding as an attendant,[86] alongside Twenty One Pilots producer Mark Eshleman. I had a great time," he wrote. Robert after Tyler's middle name.". Personal Life: Affair, Girlfriends, Wife, Kids He got married to Elizabeth Black on 28th March in the year 2015 with whom he got engaged in the year 2014. The sound of the track was inspired by a musical instrument called the Mellotron. Tyler Joseph imagines by Ariimustdie. Powered by. Tyler Joseph is officially a girl dad of two! ", "Twenty One Pilots Release Snippet of New Song in 'Trench' Commercial During 2018 VMAs", "Twenty One Pilots Unleash New Song 'My Blood': Listen Here! We can't wait for Baby Joseph to enter the world in 2020. Tyler Joseph's marital status is married. ]. Can you believe we went to Iceland to shoot Jumpsuit!?! On April 9, 2020, the band released a new single, Level of Concern which referred to the anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. He has been nominated for six Grammy Awards as a member of Twenty One Pilots, of which he has won one. [55] The album was recorded in Joseph's senior year of high school from 2007 to 2008, in his basement. The birthplace of Tyler Joseph is Columbus, Ohio. They got married on the March of 2015 in a small, beautiful ceremony and welcomed their first child, Rosie, on the 9thof February in 2020. I cannot tell you how many meetings we were late to because hes in his studio completely lost in the music. The couple so far have built an incredible crib and a dresser for their little one. ]. Miami Heat's Tyler Herro and Girlfriend Katya Henry Welcome Baby No. Tyler Joseph thanked his wife first and foremost in the linear notes of Twenty One Pilots fifth album, Trench. A world tour, called The Bandito Tour, began on October 16, 2018, as well. Many celebrities have seemingly caught the love bug recently and it seems love is all around us this year. We have added the Ridham Kalyan's net worth, biography, age, height, weight, etc what you need. If I don't truly have the answer, shouldn't I just be talking about that? The Net worth of Tyler Joseph is $20 million. We also add the controversies in this section. With our second child. var increment = 1 * '-1'; It's unclear how far along Joseph's wife Jenna Black is, or when they may be expecting their second bundle of joy. Tyler Joseph biography. Earlier in production, the song may have been called "The One Gone". What is Tyler Josephs real name? Tyler Joseph's Net Worth estimated at $20 million as of March 2023. This instrumental track is the seventh track on the CD it was found on, and it is thusly referred to as "Track 07". The lyrics from the second verse were repurposed for "Fall Away" from, This song is alternatively titled "Down". Dating rumors of Tyler Josephss wifes, hookups, and ex-wifes may vary since numerous celebrities prefer to keep their lives and relationships private. Help us keep this page updated, by sending any new dating updates. The name of his home town is Columbus, Ohio. Is the age of Tyler Robert Joseph is a mystery to you? His sisters name is Madison Brett. Come back often as we will continue to update this page with the fresh dating news, rumors, and gossip. Well, Tyler Josephs age is 34 years old as of todays date 2nd May 2023 having been born on 1 December 1988. How Bingo Gaming Has Grown Over the Years, Best Live Dealer Casinos in Australia in 2023, Top 5 Reasons Why Men Like Dating Plus-Sized Women, How to Tell Whether a Sugar Daddy Is Lying to You, How to Choose the Best Online Casino Greece, How Following The Dating Lives Of Hollywood A-Listers Can Bring Some Fun Into Your Life. [84] Joseph is a fan of the intercollegiate athletic collective, the Ohio State Buckeyes. 1. !loop_time && ! He has also made some good efforts as an individual as a rapper, multi-instrumentalist and record producer. Date Of Birth/Birthday: An album, a show, a story all from his pretty brain. } We live together now in a house in Columbus. Tyler Josephs personality number is 3. His fathers name is Christopher Anthony Chris Joseph who was a former principal and basketball coach by profession and his mothers name is Kelly Joseph who was a math teacher and basketball coach by profession. Ive felt overwhelmed for him even though I knew hed finish big. Well, if youre all set, here is what we know about Tyler Joseph to date. According to Genius, the second single from Twenty One Pilots album Blurryface, Tear in My Heart, was inspired by Jenna. They dated for two years before proposing to her on the July of 2014 in Paris. } Majority, over 80%, of Millennials view the single life as something that is beneficial. [43] A music video for the song was released on October 5, 2018, the day of the album's release. Part of what drew Tyler Joseph (and many others) to Jenna Black is her love of helping others. He is best known as the frontman for the musical duo Twenty One Pilots, alongside bandmate Josh Dun. On July 11, 2018, the band announced the release date of their fifth studio album, Trench, which was released on October 5, 2018. Tyler and Jenna Joseph Vine Compilation - YouTube 0:00 / 1:58 Tyler and Jenna Joseph Vine Compilation Doodle 250 subscribers Subscribe 13K Share 700K views 8 years ago Just thought I'd. text += '